原理剖析(第 011 篇)Netty之服务端启动工作原理分析(下)


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原理剖析(第 011 篇)Netty之服务端启动工作原理分析(下)

一、大致介绍

1、由于篇幅过长难以发布,所以本章节接着上一节来的,上一章节为【原理剖析(第 010 篇)Netty之服务端启动工作原理分析(上)】; 2、那么本章节就继续分析Netty的服务端启动,分析Netty的源码版本为:netty-netty-4.1.22.Final; 

二、三、四章节请看上一章节

详见 原理剖析(第 010 篇)Netty之服务端启动工作原理分析(上)

四、源码分析Netty服务端启动

上一章节,我们主要分析了一下线程管理组对象是如何被实例化的,并且还了解到了每个线程管理组都有一个子线程数组来处理任务; 那么接下来我们就直接从4.6开始分析了:

4.6、为serverBootstrap添加配置参数

1、源码: 	// NettyServer.java 	// 将 Boss、Worker 设置到 ServerBootstrap 服务端引导类中 	serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup) 			.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) 			// 指定通道类型为NioServerSocketChannel,一种异步模式,OIO阻塞模式为OioServerSocketChannel 			.localAddress("localhost", port)//设置InetSocketAddress让服务器监听某个端口已等待客户端连接。 			.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<Channel>() {//设置childHandler执行所有的连接请求 				@Override 				protected void initChannel(Channel ch) throws Exception { 					ch.pipeline().addLast(new PacketHeadDecoder()); 					ch.pipeline().addLast(new PacketBodyDecoder());  					ch.pipeline().addLast(new PacketHeadEncoder()); 					ch.pipeline().addLast(new PacketBodyEncoder());  					ch.pipeline().addLast(new PacketHandler()); 				} 			});  2、主要为后序的通信设置了一些配置参数而已,指定构建的Channel为NioServerSocketChannel,说明需要启动的是服务端Netty;    而后面的服务端Channel实例化,就是需要通过这个参数反射实例化得到;  3、同时还设置childHandler,这个childHandler也是有顺序的,服务端读数据时执行的顺序是PacketHeadDecoder、PacketBodyDecoder、PacketHandler;    而服务端写数据时执行的顺序是PacketHandler、PacketBodyEncoder、PacketHeadEncoder;    所以在书写方式大家千万别写错了,按照本示例代码的方式书写即可; 

4.7、serverBootstrap调用bind绑定注册

1、源码: 	// NettyServer.java 	// 最后绑定服务器等待直到绑定完成,调用sync()方法会阻塞直到服务器完成绑定,然后服务器等待通道关闭,因为使用sync(),所以关闭操作也会被阻塞。 	ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind().sync();  2、这里其实没什么好看的,接下来我们就主要看看这个bind()方法主要干了些啥,就这么简简单单一句代码就把服务端给启动起来了,有点神气了; 

4.8、bind()操作

1、源码: 	// AbstractBootstrap.java     /**      * Create a new {@link Channel} and bind it.      */     public ChannelFuture bind() {         validate();         SocketAddress localAddress = this.localAddress;         if (localAddress == null) {             throw new IllegalStateException("localAddress not set");         }         return doBind(localAddress); // 创建一个Channel,并且绑定它     }  	// AbstractBootstrap.java     private ChannelFuture doBind(final SocketAddress localAddress) {         final ChannelFuture regFuture = initAndRegister(); // 初始化和注册          // 执行到此,服务端大概完成了以下几件事情:         // 1、实例化NioServerSocketChannel,并为Channel配备了pipeline、config、unsafe对象;         // 2、将多个handler添加至pipeline双向链表中,并且等待Channel注册成功后需要给每个handler触发添加或者移除事件;         // 3、将NioServerSocketChannel注册到NioEventLoop的多路复用器上;          final Channel channel = regFuture.channel();         if (regFuture.cause() != null) {             return regFuture;         }          // 既然NioServerSocketChannel的Channel绑定到了多路复用器上,那么接下来就是绑定地址,绑完地址就可以正式进行通信了         if (regFuture.isDone()) {             // At this point we know that the registration was complete and successful.             ChannelPromise promise = channel.newPromise();             doBind0(regFuture, channel, localAddress, promise);             return promise;         } else {             // Registration future is almost always fulfilled already, but just in case it's not.             final PendingRegistrationPromise promise = new PendingRegistrationPromise(channel);             regFuture.addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {                 @Override                 public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception {                     Throwable cause = future.cause();                     if (cause != null) {                         // Registration on the EventLoop failed so fail the ChannelPromise directly to not cause an                         // IllegalStateException once we try to access the EventLoop of the Channel.                         promise.setFailure(cause);                     } else {                         // Registration was successful, so set the correct executor to use.                         // See https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/2586                         promise.registered();                          doBind0(regFuture, channel, localAddress, promise);                     }                 }             });             return promise;         }     }  2、大致一看,原来doBind方法主要干了两件事情,initAndRegister与doBind0;  3、initAndRegister主要做的事情就是初始化服务端Channel,并且将服务端Channel注册到bossGroup子线程的多路复用器上;  4、doBind0则主要完成服务端启动的最后一步,绑定地址,绑定完后就可以正式进行通信了; 

4.9、initAndRegister()初始化和注册

1、源码: 	// AbstractBootstrap.java     final ChannelFuture initAndRegister() {         Channel channel = null;         try {             // 反射调用clazz.getConstructor().newInstance()实例化类             // 同时也实例化了Channel,如果是服务端的话则为NioServerSocketChannel实例化对象             // 在实例化NioServerSocketChannel的构造方法中,也为每个Channel创建了一个管道属性对象DefaultChannelPipeline=pipeline对象             // 在实例化NioServerSocketChannel的构造方法中,也为每个Channel创建了一个配置属性对象NioServerSocketChannelConfig=config对象             // 在实例化NioServerSocketChannel的构造方法中,也为每个Channel创建了一个unsafe属性对象NioMessageUnsafe=unsafe对象             channel = channelFactory.newChannel(); // 调用ReflectiveChannelFactory的newChannel方法              // 初始化刚刚被实例化的channel             init(channel);         } catch (Throwable t) {             if (channel != null) {                 // channel can be null if newChannel crashed (eg SocketException("too many open files"))                 channel.unsafe().closeForcibly();                 // as the Channel is not registered yet we need to force the usage of the GlobalEventExecutor                 return new DefaultChannelPromise(channel, GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE).setFailure(t);             }             // as the Channel is not registered yet we need to force the usage of the GlobalEventExecutor             return new DefaultChannelPromise(new FailedChannel(), GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE).setFailure(t);         }          // config().group()=bossGroup或parentGroup,然后利用parentGroup去注册NioServerSocketChannel=channel         ChannelFuture regFuture = config().group().register(channel);         if (regFuture.cause() != null) {             if (channel.isRegistered()) {                 channel.close();             } else {                 channel.unsafe().closeForcibly();             }         }          // If we are here and the promise is not failed, it's one of the following cases:         // 1) If we attempted registration from the event loop, the registration has been completed at this point.         //    i.e. It's safe to attempt bind() or connect() now because the channel has been registered.         // 2) If we attempted registration from the other thread, the registration request has been successfully         //    added to the event loop's task queue for later execution.         //    i.e. It's safe to attempt bind() or connect() now:         //         because bind() or connect() will be executed *after* the scheduled registration task is executed         //         because register(), bind(), and connect() are all bound to the same thread.          return regFuture;     }  2、逐行分析后会发现,首先通过反射实例化服务端channel对象,然后将服务端channel初始化一下;  3、然后调用bossGroup的注册方法,将服务端channel作为参数传入;  4、至此,方法名也表明该段代码的意图,实例化并初始化服务端Channel,然后注册到bossGroup子线程的多路复用器上; 

4.10、init服务端Channel

1、源码: 	// ServerBootstrap.java     @Override     void init(Channel channel) throws Exception {         final Map<ChannelOption<?>, Object> options = options0();         synchronized (options) {             setChannelOptions(channel, options, logger);         }          final Map<AttributeKey<?>, Object> attrs = attrs0();         synchronized (attrs) {             for (Entry<AttributeKey<?>, Object> e: attrs.entrySet()) {                 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")                 AttributeKey<Object> key = (AttributeKey<Object>) e.getKey();                 channel.attr(key).set(e.getValue());             }         }  		// 服务端ServerSocketChannel的管道对象,Channel实例化的时候就被创建出来了         ChannelPipeline p = channel.pipeline();          final EventLoopGroup currentChildGroup = childGroup;         final ChannelHandler currentChildHandler = childHandler;         final Entry<ChannelOption<?>, Object>[] currentChildOptions;         final Entry<AttributeKey<?>, Object>[] currentChildAttrs;         synchronized (childOptions) {             currentChildOptions = childOptions.entrySet().toArray(newOptionArray(childOptions.size()));         }         synchronized (childAttrs) {             currentChildAttrs = childAttrs.entrySet().toArray(newAttrArray(childAttrs.size()));         }          ChannelInitializer<Channel> tempHandler = new ChannelInitializer<Channel>() {             @Override             public void initChannel(final Channel ch) throws Exception {                 final ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();                 ChannelHandler handler = config.handler();                 if (handler != null) {                     pipeline.addLast(handler);                 }                  ch.eventLoop().execute(new Runnable() {                     @Override                     public void run() {                         System.out.println("initAndRegister.init.initChannel-->ch.eventLoop().execute");                         pipeline.addLast(new ServerBootstrapAcceptor(                                 ch, currentChildGroup, currentChildHandler, currentChildOptions, currentChildAttrs));                     }                 });             }         };          // 这里我将addLast的参数剥离出来了,方便查看阅读         p.addLast(tempHandler);     }  	// DefaultChannelPipeline.java     @Override     public final ChannelPipeline addLast(ChannelHandler... handlers) {         return addLast(null, handlers);     }	 	 	// DefaultChannelPipeline.java     @Override     public final ChannelPipeline addLast(EventExecutorGroup executor, ChannelHandler... handlers) {         if (handlers == null) {             throw new NullPointerException("handlers");         }          for (ChannelHandler h: handlers) {             if (h == null) {                 break;             }             addLast(executor, null, h);         }          return this;     }	 	 	// DefaultChannelPipeline.java     @Override     public final ChannelPipeline addLast(EventExecutorGroup group, String name, ChannelHandler handler) {         final AbstractChannelHandlerContext newCtx;         // 这里加了synchronized关键字,因此说addLast的新增动作都是线程安全的         // 然后再细看一下其它的方法,只要涉及到的handler的增删改动作的方法,那些方法的代码块都是经过synchronized修饰了,保证操作过程中线程安全         synchronized (this) {             // 检查handler的一些基本信息,若不是被Sharable注解过的话,而且已经被添加到其他pipeline时则会抛出异常             checkMultiplicity(handler);              // 通过一系列参数的封装,最后封装成DefaultChannelHandlerContext对象             newCtx = newContext(group, filterName(name, handler), handler);              // 将newCtx添加到倒数第二的位置,即tail的前面一个位置             // 这里的pipeline中的handler的构成方式是一个双向链表式的结构             addLast0(newCtx);              // If the registered is false it means that the channel was not registered on an eventloop yet.             // In this case we add the context to the pipeline and add a task that will call             // ChannelHandler.handlerAdded(...) once the channel is registered.             // 该addLast方法可能会被其它各个地方调用,但是又为了保证handler的线程安全,则采用了synchronized来保证addLast的线程安全             // 在Channel未注册到多路复用器之前,registered肯定为false,那么则把需要添加的handler封装成AbstractChannelHandlerContext对象,             // 然后调用setAddPending方法,pengding意味着在将来的某个时刻调用,那到底在什么时刻被调用呢?             // 英文解释中提到一旦Channel注册成功了的话则会被调用,所以Channel后续注册完毕,再调用ChannelHandler.handlerAdded             if (!registered) {                 newCtx.setAddPending();                  // 将newCtx追加到PendingHandlerCallback单向链表的队尾,以便将来回调时用到                 callHandlerCallbackLater(newCtx, true);                 return this;             }              EventExecutor executor = newCtx.executor();             if (!executor.inEventLoop()) {                 newCtx.setAddPending();                 executor.execute(new Runnable() {                     @Override                     public void run() {                         callHandlerAdded0(newCtx);                     }                 });                 return this;             }         }          // 如果能顺利执行到这里来的话,则表明Channel已经注册到了NioEventLoop的多路复用器上面了         // 然后接下来的就是触发调用newCtx的ChannelHandler.handlerAdded方法         callHandlerAdded0(newCtx);         return this;     }	 	 	// DefaultChannelPipeline.java     private void addLast0(AbstractChannelHandlerContext newCtx) {         AbstractChannelHandlerContext prev = tail.prev; // 将目前双向链表tail的前驱结点找出来命名为prev         newCtx.prev = prev; // 将新的结点的前驱结点指向prev         newCtx.next = tail; // 将新的结点的后驱结点指向tail         prev.next = newCtx; // 将prev的后驱结点指向新的结点         tail.prev = newCtx; // 将tail的前驱结点指向新的结点          // 就这样,将新的结点通过一系列的指针指向,顺利的将新结点插到了tail的前面,         // 也就是链表中倒数第2个结点的位置,原链表中倒数第2个结点变成倒数第3个结点     }	 	 	// DefaultChannelPipeline.java     private void callHandlerCallbackLater(AbstractChannelHandlerContext ctx, boolean added) {         assert !registered;          // 根据added布尔值封装成PendingHandlerAddedTask、PendingHandlerRemovedTask对象         PendingHandlerCallback task = added ? new PendingHandlerAddedTask(ctx) : new PendingHandlerRemovedTask(ctx);         PendingHandlerCallback pending = pendingHandlerCallbackHead;         if (pending == null) { // 首次添加时则直接赋值然后返回             pendingHandlerCallbackHead = task;         } else {             // 非首次赋值的话,那么通过while循环找到队尾,然后将队尾的next指向赋上task对象             // Find the tail of the linked-list.             while (pending.next != null) {                 pending = pending.next; // 不停的寻找链表中的下一个结点             }             // 当pending.next为空说明已经找到了队尾结点,然后将队尾的next指向赋上task对象             pending.next = task;         }     }	 	 2、其实初始化服务端Channel也做了蛮多的事情,事情再多也只是p.addLast(tempHandler)这句代码干的事情多;  3、主要完成了服务端Channel中管道对象pipeline添加handler的操作,添加过程中主要有以下几点: 	• 添加的过程中是由synchronized关键字来保证线程安全的; 	• 将传入的handler数组依次循环封装成AbstractChannelHandlerContext对象添加到管道锁维护的handler链表中; 	• 当未注册成功时pipeline还维护了一个用后后序触发调用newCtx的单向链表对象pendingHandlerCallbackHead; 	• 当注册成功后,后序会迭代pendingHandlerCallbackHead对象依次执行所有任务的run方法; 	• 当注册成功后,还会触发调用这些newCtx的一些方法,主要是newCtx的ChannelHandler.handlerAdded方法; 	 4、讲到这里,initAndRegister总算讲了一半了,接下来我们就要看看被实例化的服务端channel是如何注册到多路复用器上的; 

4.11、config().group().register(channel)

1、源码: 	// MultithreadEventLoopGroup.java     @Override     public ChannelFuture register(Channel channel) {         // next()对象其实是NioEventLoopGroup内部中的children[]属性中的其中一个,通过一定规则挑选一个NioEventLoop         // 那么也就是说我们最终调用的是NioEventLoop来实现注册channel         return next().register(channel);          // 从另外一个层面来讲,我们要想注册一个Channel,那么就可以直接调用NioEventLoopGroup父类中的register(Channel)即可注册Channel,         // 并且会按照一定的规则顺序通过next()挑选一个NioEventLoop并将Channel绑定到它上面         // 如果NioEventLoopGroup为bossGroup的话,那么该方法注册的肯定是NioServerSocketChannel对象         // 如果NioEventLoopGroup为workerGroup的话,那么该方法注册的肯定是ServerSocketChannel对象     }  	// SingleThreadEventLoop.java     @Override     public ChannelFuture register(Channel channel) {         // 当前this对象是属于children[]属性中的其中一个         // 将传入的Channel与当前对象this一起封装成DefaultChannelPromise对象         // 然后再调用当前对象的register(ChannelPromise)注册方法         return register(new DefaultChannelPromise(channel, this));     }  	// SingleThreadEventLoop.java     @Override     public ChannelFuture register(final ChannelPromise promise) {         // 校验当前传参是否为空,原则上既然是不可能为空的,因为上一个步骤是通过new出来的一个对象         ObjectUtil.checkNotNull(promise, "promise");         // promise.channel()其实就是上面new DefaultChannelPromise(channel, this)通过封装后又取出这个channel对象         // promise.channel().unsafe()而每个Channel都有一个unsafe对象,对于NioServerSocketChannel来说NioMessageUnsafe=unsafe         // 当前this对象是属于children[]属性中的其中一个         promise.channel().unsafe().register(this, promise);         return promise;     }	  	// AbstractUnsafe.java 	@Override 	public final void register(EventLoop eventLoop, final ChannelPromise promise) { 		// eventLoop对象是属于children[]属性中的其中一个 		// 而当前类又是Channel的一个抽象类AbstractChannel,也是NioServerSocketChannel的父类 		if (eventLoop == null) { 			throw new NullPointerException("eventLoop"); 		} 		if (isRegistered()) { 			promise.setFailure(new IllegalStateException("registered to an event loop already")); 			return; 		} 		if (!isCompatible(eventLoop)) { 			promise.setFailure( 					new IllegalStateException("incompatible event loop type: " + eventLoop.getClass().getName())); 			return; 		}  		// 这里的 this.eventLoop 就是Children[i]中的一个,也就是具体执行任务的线程封装对象 		AbstractChannel.this.eventLoop = eventLoop;  		if (eventLoop.inEventLoop()) { // 如果对象eventLoop中的线程对象和当前线程比对是一样的话 			register0(promise); // 那么则直接调用注册方法register0 		} else { 			try { 				// 比对的结果如果不一样,十有八九都是该eventLoop的线程还未启动, 				// 因此利用eventLoop的execute将register0(promise)方法作为任务添加到任务队列中,并启动线程来执行任务 				eventLoop.execute(new Runnable() { 					@Override 					public void run() { 						register0(promise); 					} 				}); 				// 而服务端Channel的注册,走的是该else分支,因为线程都还没创建,eventLoop.inEventLoop()肯定就是false结果 			} catch (Throwable t) { 				logger.warn( 						"Force-closing a channel whose registration task was not accepted by an event loop: {}", 						AbstractChannel.this, t); 				closeForcibly(); 				closeFuture.setClosed(); 				safeSetFailure(promise, t); 			} 		} 	} 	 	// SingleThreadEventExecutor.java     /**      * 向任务队列中添加任务task。      *      * @param task      */     @Override     public void execute(Runnable task) {         if (task == null) { // 如果传入的task任务为空,则直接抛空指针异常,此方法严格控制传入参数必须非空             throw new NullPointerException("task");         }          boolean inEventLoop = inEventLoop(); // 判断要添加的任务的这个线程,是不是和正在运行的nioEventLoop的处于同一个线程?         if (inEventLoop) { // 如果是,则说明就是当前线程正在添加task任务,那么则直接调用addTask方法添加到队列中             addTask(task); // 添加task任务         } else {             startThread(); // 如果不是当前线程,则看看实例化的对象nioEventLoop父类中state字段是否标识有新建线程,没有的话则利用线程池新创建一个线程,有的话则不用理会了             addTask(task); // 添加task任务             // 防止意外情况,还需要判断下是否被关闭掉,如果被关闭掉的话,则将刚刚添加的任务删除掉并采取拒绝策略直接抛出RejectedExecutionException异常             if (isShutdown() && removeTask(task)) {                 reject(); // 拒绝策略直接抛出RejectedExecutionException异常             }         }          // addTaskWakesUp:添加任务时需要唤醒标志,默认值为false,通过构造方法传进来的也是false         // wakesUpForTask(task):不是NonWakeupRunnable类型的task则返回true,意思就是只要不是NonWakeupRunnable类型的task,都需要唤醒阻塞操作         if (!addTaskWakesUp && wakesUpForTask(task)) {             wakeup(inEventLoop);         }     } 	 2、通过一路跟踪config().group().register(channel)该方法进去,最后会发现,源码会调用一个register0(promise)的代码来进行注册;  3、但是跳出来一看,细细回味config().group().register(channel)这段代码,可以得出这样的一个结论:    若以后大家想注册channel的话,直接通过线程管理组调用register方法,传入想要注册的channel对象即可;     4、当然还有一点请大家留意,execute(Runnable task)可以随意调用添加任务,如果线程已启动则直接添加,未启动的话则先启动线程再添加任务;     5、那么我们还是先尽快进入register0(promise)看看究竟是如何注册channel的; 

4.12、register0(promise)

1、源码: 	// AbstractUnsafe.java 	private void register0(ChannelPromise promise) { 		try { 			// check if the channel is still open as it could be closed in the mean time when the register 			// call was outside of the eventLoop 			if (!promise.setUncancellable() || !ensureOpen(promise)) { 				return; 			} 			boolean firstRegistration = neverRegistered; 			doRegister(); // 调用Channel的注册方法,让Channel的子类AbstractNioChannel来实现注册  			// 执行到此,说明Channel已经注册到了多路复用器上,并且也没有抛出什么异常,那么接下来就赋值变量表明已经注册成功 			neverRegistered = false; 			registered = true;  			// Ensure we call handlerAdded(...) before we actually notify the promise. This is needed as the 			// user may already fire events through the pipeline in the ChannelFutureListener. 			pipeline.invokeHandlerAddedIfNeeded(); // 会回调initAndRegister中init方法的p.addLast的initChannel回调  			safeSetSuccess(promise); 			pipeline.fireChannelRegistered(); 			// Only fire a channelActive if the channel has never been registered. This prevents firing 			// multiple channel actives if the channel is deregistered and re-registered. 			if (isActive()) { // 检测Channel是否处于活跃状态,这里调用的是底层的socket的活跃状态 				if (firstRegistration) { 					pipeline.fireChannelActive(); // 这里也是注册成功后会仅仅只会被调用一次 				} else if (config().isAutoRead()) { 					// This channel was registered before and autoRead() is set. This means we need to begin read 					// again so that we process inbound data. 					// 					// See https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/4805 					beginRead(); // 设置Channel的读事件 				} 			} 		} catch (Throwable t) { 			// Close the channel directly to avoid FD leak. 			closeForcibly(); 			closeFuture.setClosed(); 			safeSetFailure(promise, t); 		} 	}  	// AbstractNioChannel.java     @Override     protected void doRegister() throws Exception {         boolean selected = false;         for (;;) { // 自旋式的死循环,如果正常操作不出现异常的话,那么则会一直尝试将Channel注册到多路复用器selector上面             try {                 // eventLoop()对象是属于children[]属性中的其中一个,children是NioEventLoop类型的对象                 // 而前面也了解到过,在实例化每个children的时候,会为每个children创建一个多路复用器selector与unwrappedSelector                 selectionKey = javaChannel().register(eventLoop().unwrappedSelector(), 0, this);                 // 如果将Channel注册到了多路复用器上的成功且没有抛什么异常的话,则返回跳出循环                 return;             } catch (CancelledKeyException e) {                 if (!selected) {                     // Force the Selector to select now as the "canceled" SelectionKey may still be                     // cached and not removed because no Select.select(..) operation was called yet.                     eventLoop().selectNow();                     selected = true;                 } else {                     // We forced a select operation on the selector before but the SelectionKey is still cached                     // for whatever reason. JDK bug ?                     throw e;                 }             }         }     }	 	 	// DefaultChannelPipeline.java     final void invokeHandlerAddedIfNeeded() {         assert channel.eventLoop().inEventLoop();         if (firstRegistration) { // pipeline标识是否已注册,默认值为true             firstRegistration = false; // 马上置位false,告诉大家该方法只会被调用一次             // We are now registered to the EventLoop. It's time to call the callbacks for the ChannelHandlers,             // that were added before the registration was done.             // 到此为止,我们已经将Channel注册到了NioEventLoop的多路复用器上,那么接下来是时候回调Handler被添加进来             callHandlerAddedForAllHandlers();         }     }  	// DefaultChannelPipeline.java     private void callHandlerAddedForAllHandlers() {         final PendingHandlerCallback pendingHandlerCallbackHead;         synchronized (this) {             assert !registered; // 测试registered是否为false,因为该方法已经表明只会被调用一次,所以这里就严格判断              // This Channel itself was registered.             registered = true; // 而且当registered设置为true后,就不会再改变该值的状态              pendingHandlerCallbackHead = this.pendingHandlerCallbackHead;             // Null out so it can be GC'ed.             this.pendingHandlerCallbackHead = null;         }          // This must happen outside of the synchronized(...) block as otherwise handlerAdded(...) may be called while         // holding the lock and so produce a deadlock if handlerAdded(...) will try to add another handler from outside         // the EventLoop.         PendingHandlerCallback task = pendingHandlerCallbackHead;         // 通过while循环,单向链表一个个回调task的execute,该回调添加的就回调添加,该回调移除的则回调移除         while (task != null) {             task.execute();             task = task.next;         }     }  2、看完register0(promise)是不是觉得,原来服务端channel的注册是这么简单,最后就是调用javaChannel().register(...)这个方法一下,然后就这么稀里糊涂的注册到多路复用器上了;  3、在注册完之际,还会找到之前的单向链表对象pendingHandlerCallbackHead,并且依依回调task.execute方法;  4、然后触发fireChannelRegistered注册成功事件,告知上层说我们的服务端channel已经注册成功了,大家请知悉一下;  5、最后通过beginRead设置服务端的读事件标志,就是说服务端的channel仅对读事件感兴趣;  6、至此initAndRegister这块算是讲完了,那么接下来就看看最后一个步骤绑定ip地址,完成通信前的最后一步; 

4.13、doBind0(regFuture, channel, localAddress, promise)

1、源码: 	// AbstractBootstrap.java     private static void doBind0(             final ChannelFuture regFuture, final Channel channel,             final SocketAddress localAddress, final ChannelPromise promise) {          // This method is invoked before channelRegistered() is triggered.  Give user handlers a chance to set up         // the pipeline in its channelRegistered() implementation.         // 服务端启动最后一个步骤,绑完地址就可以正式进行通信了         channel.eventLoop().execute(new Runnable() {             @Override             public void run() {                 if (regFuture.isSuccess()) { 					// 服务端channel直接调用bind方法进行绑定地址                     channel.bind(localAddress, promise).addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE_ON_FAILURE);                 } else {                     promise.setFailure(regFuture.cause());                 }             }         });     }  	// AbstractChannel.java     @Override     public ChannelFuture bind(SocketAddress localAddress, ChannelPromise promise) {         return pipeline.bind(localAddress, promise);     }  	// DefaultChannelPipeline.java     @Override     public final ChannelFuture bind(SocketAddress localAddress, ChannelPromise promise) {         return tail.bind(localAddress, promise);     }  	// AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java     @Override     public ChannelFuture bind(final SocketAddress localAddress, final ChannelPromise promise) {         if (localAddress == null) {             throw new NullPointerException("localAddress");         }         if (isNotValidPromise(promise, false)) {             // cancelled             return promise;         }          final AbstractChannelHandlerContext next = findContextOutbound();         EventExecutor executor = next.executor();         if (executor.inEventLoop()) {             next.invokeBind(localAddress, promise);         } else {             safeExecute(executor, new Runnable() {                 @Override                 public void run() {                     next.invokeBind(localAddress, promise);                 }             }, promise, null);         }         return promise;     }  	// AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java     private void invokeBind(SocketAddress localAddress, ChannelPromise promise) {         if (invokeHandler()) {             try {                 ((ChannelOutboundHandler) handler()).bind(this, localAddress, promise);             } catch (Throwable t) {                 notifyOutboundHandlerException(t, promise);             }         } else {             bind(localAddress, promise);         }     }  	// HeadContext.java 	@Override 	public void bind( 			ChannelHandlerContext ctx, SocketAddress localAddress, ChannelPromise promise) 			throws Exception { 		unsafe.bind(localAddress, promise); 	}  	// AbstractUnsafe.java 	@Override 	public final void bind(final SocketAddress localAddress, final ChannelPromise promise) { 		assertEventLoop();  		if (!promise.setUncancellable() || !ensureOpen(promise)) { 			return; 		}  		// See: https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/576 		if (Boolean.TRUE.equals(config().getOption(ChannelOption.SO_BROADCAST)) && 			localAddress instanceof InetSocketAddress && 			!((InetSocketAddress) localAddress).getAddress().isAnyLocalAddress() && 			!PlatformDependent.isWindows() && !PlatformDependent.maybeSuperUser()) { 			// Warn a user about the fact that a non-root user can't receive a 			// broadcast packet on *nix if the socket is bound on non-wildcard address. 			logger.warn( 					"A non-root user can't receive a broadcast packet if the socket " + 					"is not bound to a wildcard address; binding to a non-wildcard " + 					"address (" + localAddress + ") anyway as requested."); 		}  		boolean wasActive = isActive(); 		try { 			doBind(localAddress); 		} catch (Throwable t) { 			safeSetFailure(promise, t); 			closeIfClosed(); 			return; 		}  		if (!wasActive && isActive()) { 			invokeLater(new Runnable() { 				@Override 				public void run() { 					pipeline.fireChannelActive(); 				} 			}); 		}  		safeSetSuccess(promise); 	}  	// NioServerSocketChannel.java     @Override     protected void doBind(SocketAddress localAddress) throws Exception {         if (PlatformDependent.javaVersion() >= 7) {             javaChannel().bind(localAddress, config.getBacklog());         } else {             javaChannel().socket().bind(localAddress, config.getBacklog());         }     }  2、经过这么一路调用,其实最终会发现,绑定地址也是通过javaChannel().bind(...)这么简短的一句话就搞定了;    而前面的注册到多路复用器上调用的是javaChannel().register(...)一句简短代码;    从而可得出这么一个结论:只要关系到channel的注册绑定,最终核心底层都是调用这个channel的bind和register方法;  3、至此,服务端的启动流程算是完结了。。 

五、总结

	最后我们来总结下,通过分析Netty的服务端启动,经过的流程如下: 	• 创建两个线程管理组,以及实例化每个线程管理组的子线程数组children[]; 	• 设置启动类参数,比如channel、localAddress、childHandler等参数; 	• 反射实例化NioServerSocketChannel,创建ChannelId、unsafe、pipeline等对象; 	• 初始化NioServerSocketChannel,设置attr、option,添加新的handler到服务端pipeline管道中; 	• 调用JDK底层做ServerSocketChannel注册到多路复用器上,并且注册成功后回调pipeline管道中的单向链表依次执行task任务; 	• 调用JDK底层做NioServerSocketChannel绑定端口,并触发active事件; 

六、下载地址

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本文发表于2018年03月25日 22:38
(c)注:本文转载自https://my.oschina.net/u/162754/blog/1784668,转载目的在于传递更多信息,并不代表本网赞同其观点和对其真实性负责。如有侵权行为,请联系我们,我们会及时删除.

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