准备工作

• 15min
• IDEA
• maven 3.0

在开始构建项目之前，机器需要安装rabbitmq，你可以去官网下载，http://www.rabbitmq.com/download.html ，如果你是用的Mac（程序员都应该用mac吧），你可以这样下载：

brew install rabbitmq

安装完成后开启服务器：

rabbitmq-server

开启服务器成功，你可以看到以下信息：

            RabbitMQ 3.1.3. Copyright (C) 2007-2013 VMware, Inc. ##  ##      Licensed under the MPL.  See http://www.rabbitmq.com/ ##  ## ##########  Logs: /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost.log ######  ##        /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost-sasl.log ##########             Starting broker... completed with 6 plugins.

构建工程

构架一个SpringBoot工程，其pom文件依赖加上spring-boot-starter-amqp的起步依赖：

<dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>         </dependency>

创建消息接收者

在任何的消息队列程序中，你需要创建一个消息接收者，用于响应发送的消息。

@Component public class Receiver {      private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);      public void receiveMessage(String message) {         System.out.println("Received <" + message + ">");         latch.countDown();     }      public CountDownLatch getLatch() {         return latch;     }  }

消息接收者是一个简单的POJO类，它定义了一个方法去接收消息，当你注册它去接收消息，你可以给它取任何的名字。其中，它有CountDownLatch这样的一个类，它是用于告诉发送者消息已经收到了，你不需要在应用程序中具体实现它，只需要latch.countDown()就行了。

创建消息监听，并发送一条消息

在spring程序中，RabbitTemplate提供了发送消息和接收消息的所有方法。你只需简单的配置下就行了：

• 需要一个消息监听容器
• 声明一个quene,一个exchange,并且绑定它们
• 一个组件去发送消息

代码清单如下：

package com.forezp;  import com.forezp.message.Receiver; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding; import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue; import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;   @SpringBootApplication public class SpringbootRabbitmqApplication {       final static String queueName = "spring-boot";      @Bean     Queue queue() {         return new Queue(queueName, false);     }      @Bean     TopicExchange exchange() {         return new TopicExchange("spring-boot-exchange");     }      @Bean     Binding binding(Queue queue, TopicExchange exchange) {         return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(queueName);     }      @Bean     SimpleMessageListenerContainer container(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory,                                              MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter) {         SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer();         container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);         container.setQueueNames(queueName);         container.setMessageListener(listenerAdapter);         return container;     }      @Bean     MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter(Receiver receiver) {         return new MessageListenerAdapter(receiver, "receiveMessage");     }       public static void main(String[] args) {         SpringApplication.run(SpringbootRabbitmqApplication.class, args);     } } 

创建一个测试方法：

@Component public class Runner implements CommandLineRunner {      private final RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;     private final Receiver receiver;     private final ConfigurableApplicationContext context;      public Runner(Receiver receiver, RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate,             ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {         this.receiver = receiver;         this.rabbitTemplate = rabbitTemplate;         this.context = context;     }      @Override     public void run(String... args) throws Exception {         System.out.println("Sending message...");         rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(Application.queueName, "Hello from RabbitMQ!");         receiver.getLatch().await(10000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);         context.close();     }  }

启动程序，你会发现控制台打印：

Sending message... Received <Hello from RabbitMQ!>

源码来源